The Landscape of Generative AI Adoption Across Europe: Insights and Variations

The Varied Landscape of Generative AI Adoption Across Europe

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) has swiftly transitioned from the realm of emerging technology to being a vital part of everyday life for many. From personal tasks to professional responsibilities and educational pursuits, millions of people across Europe now rely on AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Grok. As Euronews Next highlights, the share of people using these generative AI tools varies dramatically across different countries in Europe.

Understanding the Adoption Rates

According to recent Eurostat data, about one-third of individuals aged 16-74 utilized AI tools at least once in 2025. However, this figure masks significant disparities across the continent. For instance, while Norway shows an impressive adoption rate of 56%, Turkey lags behind at only 17%. Within the European Union, Denmark leads with 48%, while Romania trails with just 18%.

A Closer Look

In the three months leading up to the 2025 Eurostat survey, 13 European countries reported that over 40% of their populations used next-generation AI tools. Notable among them are:

• Switzerland (47%)
• Estonia (47%)
• Malta (46%)
• Finland (46%)
• Ireland (45%)

Conversely, several countries, including Italy (20%), Poland (23%), and Bulgaria (23%), recorded usage rates below 25%. When examining major economies, Italy and Germany fell below the EU average, while Spain and France hovered just above it.

The North-South and East-West Divide

The adoption of AI within Europe reveals a notable geographical trend. Countries in the Nordic region and those with advanced digital infrastructures lead in usage. In contrast, southern European, Central-Eastern, and Balkan nations lag significantly behind. This creates a clear north-south and west-east divide in generative AI adoption.

Factors Influencing Variability

Colin van Noordt, a researcher at KU Leuven University in Belgium, offers insight into why these discrepancies exist. He points out that digital foundation plays a pivotal role in AI adoption rates. In countries like Denmark and Switzerland, high levels of digital literacy foster a culture of technological affinity and frequent internet use.

“Many people across Europe say they don’t use generative AI simply because they don’t know what to use it for," van Noordt explains. This highlights the importance of AI literacy in driving adoption. Essentially, having access to AI tools is just the first step; understanding their practical application is crucial for widespread use.

The Role of Government and Policy

While it’s tempting to attribute adoption rates to government initiatives, van Noordt’s findings suggest that strong policymaking doesn’t always equate to higher usage. Countries that have robust policy frameworks might still struggle with low engagement rates. This hints at a more profound issue: it’s the ingrained digital culture and practical tech skills among citizens that significantly influence AI adoption.

Usage Patterns: Personal vs. Professional

Interestingly, personal use of AI tools surpasses professional use across Europe. On average, around 25% of EU residents use AI for personal reasons, while only 15% employ these technologies in a work context. Countries like the Netherlands showcase a near-even split, while Greece exhibits a stark contrast: 41% for personal use versus only 16% for work-related applications.

This gap suggests a prevailing uncertainty about how AI can be effectively integrated into professional settings. Van Noordt posits that the question of how AI tools can contribute positively remains somewhat unclear in many workplaces.

Education’s Role

In formal education, generative AI usage is notably lower, with only 9% of the EU population reporting use of such tools for educational purposes. Sweden and Switzerland lead in this area, both at 21%, while Hungary represents the low end with a mere 1%.

Conclusion

The landscape of generative AI adoption across Europe is complex and marked by geographical and cultural variances. As this technology continues to evolve, understanding these disparities provides essential insight for policymakers, educators, and businesses aiming to enhance AI literacy and integration. The future of AI in Europe will hinge not just on technological advancements, but also on the collective effort to cultivate a digitally adept society ready to embrace the potential of artificial intelligence.